Which tendering procedure is characterized by open bidding?

The tendering procedure characterized by open bidding is the open tendering process. In this approach, any interested supplier or contractor can submit a bid, and there are no restrictions on who can participate. Open tendering is designed to ensure transparency, competition, and inclusivity, allowing organizations to receive a wide range of bids and ultimately select the most favorable offer based on predetermined criteria.

This process is often used in public procurement and is particularly advantageous in fostering a competitive marketplace, which can lead to better pricing and innovative solutions. An open tender also enhances fairness and accountability in procurement, as all interested parties are given the opportunity to compete on an equal footing.

In contrast, restricted tendering limits participation to a selected group of suppliers, while negotiated tendering involves discussions with suppliers to arrive at terms before finalizing a contract. The competitive dialogue process allows for discussion and refinement of projects with bidders, which is fundamentally different from the straightforward nature of open bidding.